LEARN MANDARIN
Interactive pinyin chart with 3D mouth and tones
Choose an initial, a final or any syllable, pick a tone, and press play. The chart is a reference; each sound links to its full lesson.
Initials (21)
b
Standard Mandarin
Mouth & tongue
Enable JavaScript to view the 3D panda. Pronunciation steps remain available below.
Vocal folds: vibrating
TongueTeethUvula
Simplified human pronunciation. The small uvula hangs from the palate; it is not the vocal folds. The wave indicates voicing.
Nasal: the soft palate lowers; air exits the nose
High and level, around 55 on the five-level pitch scale.
Voice settings
Voice
Finding available voices…
Optional eSpeak NG: a mechanical voice generated on your device. It downloads from this site only when you choose it, and reads pinyin from our dictionary. Its pitch range is narrow, so it is a fallback rather than a model for tones.
eSpeak NG · GPL-3.0 · SourceThe mouth starts slightly open. Movement is slowed for observation; the synthetic sound plays once at its original speed. Pause holds the current mouth shape; reset returns to the relaxed position. The panda is a symbolic teaching aid for human pronunciation, not animal anatomy. A simplified teaching model, not a measured or anatomically validated simulation. It shows the soft palate lowering for nasal sounds, but not airflow. Single syllables use eSpeak NG, a synthetic voice on your device. Its pitch range is narrower than natural speech, so use the tone diagrams and word buttons as well. Words and sentences use a voice from your browser or device when one is available. No native recordings are bundled.
Finals
All syllables
Each row is a final and each column an initial. A blank cell means the combination is not in ordinary vocabulary. Select a syllable to hear it in the chosen tone.
| No initial | b | p | m | f | d | t | n | l | g | k | h | j | q | x | zh | ch | sh | r | z | c | s | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| a | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| o | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| e | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| ai | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| ei | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| ao | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| ou | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| an | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| en | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| ang | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| eng | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| ong | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| er | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| -i | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| i | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| ia | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| ie | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| iao | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| iu | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| ian | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| in | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| iang | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| ing | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| iong | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| u | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| ua | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| uo | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| uai | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| ui | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| uan | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| un | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| uang | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| ueng | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| ü | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| üe | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| üan | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| ün |
Every Mandarin sound, one lesson at a time
Initial lessons
- bunaspirated lip stop
- paspirated lip stop
- mlip nasal
- flip-teeth fricative
- dunaspirated tongue-tip stop
- taspirated tongue-tip stop
- ntongue-tip nasal
- llateral
- gunaspirated back stop
- kaspirated back stop
- hback fricative
- junaspirated alveolo-palatal affricate
- qaspirated alveolo-palatal affricate
- xalveolo-palatal fricative
- zhunaspirated retroflex affricate
- chaspirated retroflex affricate
- shretroflex fricative
- rretroflex approximant
- zunaspirated dental affricate
- caspirated dental affricate
- sdental fricative
Final lessons
- aopen vowel
- orounded back vowel
- eunrounded back vowel
- ihigh front vowel
- uhigh back rounded vowel
- ühigh front rounded vowel
- err-coloured vowel
- -iempty i after z c s and zh ch sh r
- aifalling diphthong
- eimid front diphthong
- aoopen-to-back diphthong
- oumid back diphthong
- anopen vowel with front nasal
- encentral vowel with front nasal
- angback vowel with back nasal
- engmid back vowel with back nasal
- ongrounded vowel with back nasal
- ia ie iao iu ian in iang ing iongfinals that start with i
- ua uo uai ui uan un uang uengfinals that start with u
- üe üan ünfinals that start with ü
References & editorial notes
PronounceKit wrote this lesson as practical guidance for English speakers, based on the references below. The comparisons are editorial teaching suggestions. It describes common Mainland Standard Mandarin patterns, not every accent or regional variety, and it has not been independently reviewed by a pronunciation specialist or Mandarin teacher.